In previous lessons, we learned sentences with verbs or nouns in the predicate. In this lesson, we will learn how to form sentences with predicate adjectives. By learning these sentences, you will be able to use the three most basic Japanese sentence patterns.  

When to start this lesson

Using the slides below, listen to the example sentences from Lesson 9 again. You are ready to start this lesson if you can translate most of the sentences without looking at the English translations.

Lesson Goals

• Learning how to make correct sentences with predicate adjectives
• Understanding the difference between na-adjectives and i-adjectives
• Learning the long form conjugation rules of adjectives
• Learning about the sentence-final particles ね and よ

What you will be able to do

By completing this lesson, you will be able to do the following things:

• You can make simple sentences with predicate adjectives.
• You can conjugate adjectives correctly to turn sentences into non-past, past, affirmative, and negative in the long forms.
• You can express agreement, confirmation, and emphasis.
• You can express impressions such as “(something is) fun, hard, interesting, etc.”

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Activities

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L10 Activity 1 – Learn & Understand (1)

Understand sentences with predicate adjectives.

1. Watch the video below bearing the two questions below in mind:
   • Do you use だ at the end of the sentence when it ends with an adjective.
   • What unique characteristics do i-adjectives have? 
2. Read “GP4-2. Japanese Adjectives” in the textbook (pp.76-79 in the main volume) to deepen your understanding. When you read example sentences, check word definitions and pronunciations using the example sentence slides below.
   This set of slides also contains additional example sentences that are not included in the textbook. Be sure to pay attention to these examples as well.

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L10 Activity 2 – Learn & Understand (2)

Complete “Comprehension Check GP4-2 [1][2]” on p.80 and check your understanding. You can confirm your answers on the answer key below:
Answer Key

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L10 Activity 3 – Learn & Understand (3)

Read “Quick Note: Aizuchi and Sentence-Final Particles ね and よ” in the textbook (p.81 in the main volume) to deepen your understanding. When you read example sentences, check word definitions and pronunciations using the example sentence slides below.
This set of slides also contains additional example sentences that are not included in the textbook. Be sure to pay attention to these examples as well.

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L10 Activity 4 – Practice (1)

Activity Booklet “Practice 14-0. Before You Start” (p.20)

Using “Video Practice 14-0” below, practice using three basic sentence patterns correctly and forming sentences in the long forms.

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L10 Activity 5 – Practice (2)

Long Form Conjugation Practice

Using the online practice quizzes below, practice conjugating words into the long forms (non-past and past, affirmative and negative). Pay extra attention to the three different conjugation patterns among verbs, だ, and i-adjectives.

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L10 Activity 6 – Practice (3)

Activity Booklet “Sentence & Writing Practice 14-1” (p.20)

Practice expressing impressions about things by translating the twelve sentences in the exercise. You can confirm your answers on the answer key below:
Answer Key